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请问单片机串口的初始化都有哪些必需的步骤呢？

mingming 2020-12-09 浏览量：2687

比如说我要使用单片机的串口1传输和接收数据，以下的串口初始化正确吗？

void init() //系统初始化
{
TMOD |=0X20;//定时器T1，方式2，波特率由PCON寄存器的SMOD决定
SCON=0x50; //REN RI TI，RI为0，TI为0
//串行口1方式1 SCON是串行口1的串行控制寄存器，REN为1，允许接收
PCON=0x00;//各工作方式波特率加倍
TH1=0xfD;//9600bps@11.0592
TL1=0xfD;
TR1=1; //定时器1中断打开
EA=1;//cpu总中断允许位，1为开放中断
ES=1;// 1允许串行口中断
}

请问以上有没有缺失什么步骤？

单片机

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最佳答案

xdsnet
有太多型号的单片机，可能具体不同的型号单片机串口初始化具体过程有差异的，因为你没有具体说是那款，所以只能泛泛的说。
1. 需要有定时器初始化等等，这和波特率的控制有关，此外需要有明确的波特率设置
2. 需要配置到相应的IO口，因为串口是有收、发口的，有些单片机是成组的
3. 需要有对应的中断处理初始化过程
4. 最后是使能定时器、中断等
- 发布于 2020-12-09
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其他答案数量：5

yhj416606438
设置的对的没有问题，如果不放心可以用stc的isp软件生成串口初始化代码，这样比较简单
- 发布于2020-12-09
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STM32ZET6
串口的范例，可以参考下
#include "reg51.h"
#include "intrins.h"

typedef unsigned char BYTE;
typedef unsigned int WORD;

#define FOSC 11059200L //System frequency
#define BAUD 9600 //UART baudrate

/@@*Define UART parity mode*/
#define NONE_PARITY 0 //None parity
#define ODD_PARITY 1 //Odd parity
#define EVEN_PARITY 2 //Even parity
#define MARK_PARITY 3 //Mark parity
#define SPACE_PARITY 4 //Space parity

#define PARITYBIT NONE_PARITY //Testing even parity

sbit bit9 = P2^2; //P2.2 show UART data bit9
bit busy;

void SendData(BYTE dat);
void SendString(char *s);
void main()
{
#if (PARITYBIT == NONE_PARITY)
SCON = 0x50; //8-bit variable UART
#elif (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY) || (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY) || (PARITYBIT == MARK_PARITY)
SCON = 0xda; //9-bit variable UART parity bit initial to 1
#elif (PARITYBIT == SPACE_PARITY)
SCON = 0xd2; //9-bit variable UART parity bit initial to 0
#endif

TMOD = 0x20; //Set Timer1 as 8-bit auto reload mode
TH1 = TL1 = -(FOSC/12/32/BAUD); //Set auto-reload vaule
TR1 = 1; //Timer1 start run
ES = 1; //Enable UART interrupt
EA = 1; //Open master interrupt switch

SendString("STC12C5A60S2\r\nUart Test !\r\n");
while(1);
}

/@@*----------------------------
UART interrupt service routine
----------------------------*/
void Uart_Isr() interrupt 4
{
if (RI)
{
RI = 0; //Clear receive interrupt flag
P0 = SBUF; //P0 show UART data
bit9 = RB8; //P2.2 show parity bit
}
if (TI)
{
TI = 0; //Clear transmit interrupt flag
busy = 0; //Clear transmit busy flag
}
}

/@@*----------------------------
Send a byte data to UART
Input: dat (data to be sent)
Output:None
----------------------------*/
void SendData(BYTE dat)
{
while (busy); //Wait for the completion of the previous data is sent
ACC = dat; //Calculate the even parity bit P (PSW.0)
if (P) //Set the parity bit according to P
{
#if (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY)
TB8 = 0; //Set parity bit to 0
#elif (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY)
TB8 = 1; //Set parity bit to 1
#endif
}
else
{
#if (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY)
TB8 = 1; //Set parity bit to 1
#elif (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY)
TB8 = 0; //Set parity bit to 0
#endif
}
busy = 1;
SBUF = ACC; //Send data to UART buffer
}

/@@*----------------------------
Send a string to UART
Input: s (address of string)
Output:None
----------------------------*/
void SendString(char *s)
{
while (*s) //Check the end of the string
{
SendData(*s++); //Send current char and increment string ptr
}
}
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STM32ZET6
没问题。串口范例程序，可以参考下

#include "reg51.h"
#include "intrins.h"

typedef unsigned char BYTE;
typedef unsigned int WORD;
#define FOSC 11059200L //System frequency
#define BAUD 9600 //UART baudrate
/@@*Define UART parity mode*/
#define NONE_PARITY 0 //None parity
#define ODD_PARITY 1 //Odd parity
#define EVEN_PARITY 2 //Even parity
#define MARK_PARITY 3 //Mark parity
#define SPACE_PARITY 4 //Space parity
#define PARITYBIT NONE_PARITY //Testing even parity

sbit bit9 = P2^2; //P2.2 show UART data bit9
bit busy;

void SendData(BYTE dat);
void SendString(char *s);

void main()
{
#if (PARITYBIT == NONE_PARITY)
SCON = 0x50; //8-bit variable UART
#elif (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY) || (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY) || (PARITYBIT == MARK_PARITY)
SCON = 0xda; //9-bit variable UART parity bit initial to 1
#elif (PARITYBIT == SPACE_PARITY)
SCON = 0xd2; //9-bit variable UART parity bit initial to 0
#endif

TMOD = 0x20; //Set Timer1 as 8-bit auto reload mode
TH1 = TL1 = -(FOSC/12/32/BAUD); //Set auto-reload vaule
TR1 = 1; //Timer1 start run
ES = 1; //Enable UART interrupt
EA = 1; //Open master interrupt switch

SendString("STC12C5A60S2\r\nUart Test !\r\n");
while(1);
}

/@@*----------------------------
UART interrupt service routine
----------------------------*/
void Uart_Isr() interrupt 4
{
if (RI)
{
RI = 0; //Clear receive interrupt flag
P0 = SBUF; //P0 show UART data
bit9 = RB8; //P2.2 show parity bit
}
if (TI)
{
TI = 0; //Clear transmit interrupt flag
busy = 0; //Clear transmit busy flag
}
}

/@@*----------------------------
Send a byte data to UART
Input: dat (data to be sent)
Output:None
----------------------------*/
void SendData(BYTE dat)
{
while (busy); //Wait for the completion of the previous data is sent
ACC = dat; //Calculate the even parity bit P (PSW.0)
if (P) //Set the parity bit according to P
{
#if (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY)
TB8 = 0; //Set parity bit to 0
#elif (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY)
TB8 = 1; //Set parity bit to 1
#endif
}
else
{
#if (PARITYBIT == ODD_PARITY)
TB8 = 1; //Set parity bit to 1
#elif (PARITYBIT == EVEN_PARITY)
TB8 = 0; //Set parity bit to 0
#endif
}
busy = 1;
SBUF = ACC; //Send data to UART buffer
}

/@@*----------------------------
Send a string to UART
Input: s (address of string)
Output:None
----------------------------*/
void SendString(char *s)
{
while (*s) //Check the end of the string
{
SendData(*s++); //Send current char and increment string ptr
}
}
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莱克迷KW
要看你是什么单片机了
51的只是配置个IO就行
STM32的还要配置时钟，或是中断，IO复用
- 发布于2020-12-10
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chen0000009
设分辨率，数据长度，停止位，起始位，校验，是否启用中断等，将这些信息写入串口设置寄存器
- 发布于2020-12-17
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